An Assessment of Challenges Faced by Emergency Nurses in Managing Mass Casualty Incidents in Benue State Healthcare Facilities
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Background of the Study: Mass casualty incidents (MCIs), which include natural disasters, industrial accidents, or violent events such as bombings or shootings, are critical events that strain healthcare systems and challenge emergency services. In Benue State, as in many parts of Nigeria, healthcare facilities are not always fully equipped or prepared to manage such emergencies, resulting in adverse patient outcomes. Emergency nurses are at the forefront of managing MCIs, providing initial care, stabilizing patients, and coordinating with other healthcare providers. Their ability to manage these incidents efficiently is essential in reducing morbidity and mortality during such events (Ugwu et al., 2023).
However, several factors contribute to the challenges that emergency nurses face in managing MCIs, including inadequate training, insufficient resources, and high patient volumes, among others. In Benue State, healthcare facilities are often under-resourced, and nurses may lack the specialized training needed to manage large-scale emergencies effectively. The absence of standard protocols for MCIs, as well as inadequate coordination between healthcare facilities, further exacerbates these challenges. This study explores these issues and aims to assess the challenges faced by emergency nurses in Benue State in managing mass casualty incidents.
Statement of the Problem: While mass casualty incidents present significant challenges to healthcare systems, little research has been conducted on the specific difficulties faced by emergency nurses in Benue State. Emergency nurses are integral to the response to MCIs, yet many hospitals in the state lack the necessary resources and preparedness to manage such situations effectively. This study aims to investigate the challenges faced by emergency nurses in Benue State healthcare facilities in managing MCIs, and to provide recommendations for improving the preparedness and response capabilities of these nurses.
Objectives of the Study:
- To assess the challenges faced by emergency nurses in managing mass casualty incidents in Benue State healthcare facilities.
- To evaluate the preparedness of emergency nurses in handling MCIs in terms of training, resources, and support.
- To identify the factors that hinder effective management of MCIs and suggest improvements.
Research Questions:
- What challenges do emergency nurses face in managing mass casualty incidents in Benue State healthcare facilities?
- How prepared are emergency nurses in Benue State healthcare facilities to handle mass casualty incidents?
- What factors hinder the effective management of MCIs by emergency nurses in Benue State?
Research Hypotheses:
- Emergency nurses in Benue State healthcare facilities face significant challenges in managing mass casualty incidents due to inadequate training and resources.
- Emergency nurses with higher levels of preparedness experience better patient outcomes during mass casualty incidents.
- There is a positive relationship between the availability of resources and the effective management of mass casualty incidents in Benue State healthcare facilities.
Scope and Limitations of the Study: This study will focus on emergency nurses in Benue State healthcare facilities, assessing the challenges they face in managing MCIs. Limitations may include variations in training and preparedness across hospitals, as well as the difficulty of assessing real-time MCI management due to infrequent events.
Definitions of Terms:
- Mass Casualty Incident (MCI): An event in which the number of casualties exceeds the resources available to effectively treat them.
- Emergency nurses: Nurses working in emergency departments who provide initial assessment, stabilization, and care to patients in critical conditions.
- Preparedness: The readiness of healthcare facilities and professionals to respond effectively to mass casualty incidents.
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